International agricultural trade is essential to the U.S. economy, contributing over $100 billion in export value from key commodities, including soybeans, corn, and wheat. Wheat, a cornerstone of Idaho’s agricultural industry, plays a significant role in these exports, Challenges like tariffs, trade wars, and growing competition from South America threaten U.S. market share, which has declined from 62% in 1979 to 12% today. While tariffs can benefit some domestic industries, they often undermine agricultural exports by accelerating foreign competition. To stay competitive, investments in trade relations, infrastructure improvements, and legislation are critical. Enhancing transportation systems and expanding ports ensures Idaho wheat and other U.S. commodities remain integral to global markets and continue to support the economy.

U.S. farmers approach 2025 with cautious optimism, navigating challenges shaped by labor, trade, weather, and shifting market dynamics. Trade remains vital to agricultural success, and for Idaho commodities, protecting and expanding export markets is crucial amid ongoing uncertainties. Economic pressures are mounting, with rising production costs, escalating labor expenses, and declining farm incomes placing significant strain on farmers. According to University of Idaho Professor Xiaoli Etienne, fertilizer prices have stabilized, but global factors like China’s export restrictions continue to create market volatility. Meanwhile, relief from high fuel and equipment costs seems unlikely in the near future.

U.S. Wheat Associates (USW) elected Mike Spier as its next President and CEO, effective July 1, 2025, following Vince Peterson’s retirement. Spier, an Oregon native with over 30 years of experience in grain merchandising and market development, has held leadership roles across global regions and implemented wheat export programs in over 50 countries. Peterson praised Spier’s qualifications and strong industry relationships, highlighting his commitment to advancing U.S. wheat internationally. USW’s mission is to expand global wheat markets, funded by producer checkoff dollars and USDA support.

Bread can be a healthy source of fiber, protein, and essential vitamins if you choose the right type. Experts recommend opting for whole-grain bread, which retains all parts of the wheat kernel, providing more nutrients like fiber, protein, and antioxidants than white bread. Whole-wheat bread, sprouted bread, and seeded bread are all great options for added nutrients. When shopping for healthy bread, look for whole-grain flour as the first ingredient, minimal added sugar, and avoid bread labeled with just “wheat flour,” which is often refined. While bread can be part of a healthy diet, it’s important to consider portion sizes and the overall nutritional content.

The USDA’s America’s Farms and Ranches at a Glance report highlights essential trends shaping the U.S. farm economy. Family farms remain the backbone of agriculture, representing 96% of all farms and producing 83% of the nation’s agricultural output. Small farms, which make up 86% of total operations, contribute 17% of overall production, while large-scale farms lead in key commodities like wheat, dairy, and cotton. 97% of Idaho’s farms are family owned and operated. The report also highlights the financial challenges many family farms face, emphasizing the need for robust risk management programs to ensure long-term stability and resilience in agriculture.

Idaho has once again set a new annual record for agricultural exports, reaching $695 million in international sales during the first half of 2024—a 15% increase compared to the same period in 2023. This achievement marks the third consecutive year Idaho has surpassed its previous export value records. The state experienced exceptional growth with its top trade partners, Canada and Mexico, during this period. Mexico, Idaho's second-largest agricultural export destination, accounted for $130 million in shipments from January to June. With much of Idaho's premium agricultural output, including its renowned wheat, destined for global markets, exports continue to be a cornerstone of the state’s thriving agricultural economy.

Pabitra Joshi, a graduate research assistant at the University of Idaho, is advancing efforts to develop wheat varieties resistant to fungal diseases such as dwarf bunt and common bunt. Under the guidance of Dr. Jianli Chen, the Idaho Wheat Commission's endowed professor of wheat breeding, Joshi’s research focuses on identifying two key quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to resistance against these diseases. This breakthrough will enhance the screening of wheat breeding lines and uncover additional genetic markers for disease resistance. Joshi’s work has already contributed to the release of more resilient wheat varieties, strengthening Idaho’s wheat industry.